(CCTV Finance "Half Economy") Infectious diseases are a serious type of disease that endangers people's health. If you do not receive timely treatment, it will cause harm to people's health and even endanger life. In 2004, the Chinese government revised the "Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control Law". For more than ten years, the epidemic situation of infectious diseases has been effectively controlled in China.
Free treatment of echinococcosis project to solve the problem of curing disease in pastoral areas
On August 3, 2016, in the operating room of No. 14 of the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 31-year-old patient Cai Xiaoxia quietly lay on the operating table and waited for a life-critical operation.
On July 30, 2016, in a physical examination organized by the local CDC, Cai Xiaoxia found a large area of ​​shadow on the liver. At the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, she learned that there were three place-occupying lesions in her liver. . It is highly suspected to have echinococcosis.
Ascariasis, according to China's "Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control Law", this is a Class C infectious disease. It is a parasitic disease common to humans and animals in pastoral areas. It first parasitizes on mammals such as cattle and sheep in pastoral areas. The infected cattle and sheep then infect and parasitize the eggs of the hydatid to the dog. After the dog is in contact with the human, the eggs of the worm enter the human through contaminated food and water. In the body, 75% of the larvae are parasitic in the human body. In China, there are 350 prevalent counties of echinococcosis, and the threatened population is about 50 million.
â–³ The liver of the echinococcosis, almost all organs of the lungs, brain and bones are affected by the echinococcosis.
According to the doctor's diagnosis, Cai Xiaoxia's two outer hydatid cysts on the liver are each four centimeters large, which has severely eroded the left lobe liver. During the operation, a little careless, the cysts rupture, these worm eggs will instantly flow into the chest, abdominal cavity, through the blood into the body, triggering anaphylactic shock, the patient will die.
At 2:05 in the afternoon, the third hydatid cyst on the liver of Cai Xiaoxia was finally completely stripped off, and Cai Xiaoxia's liver was saved.
Li Wei, deputy dean of the First Hospital of Lanzhou University: This operation should be quite smooth. Generally, we can be discharged from hospital for 7 to 10 days. Like this operation, it should be said that after 3 months, the patient is OK, normal. Life work, after a complete resection, is equal to cure.
Gansu Province is one of the seven major endemic areas of echinococcosis in the country, with a population threatened by echinococcosis of 22.06 million. Most of the patients infected with echinococcosis live in pastoral areas, grazing cattle and sheep as the sole source of income, low income, no money to heal.
In 2006, the state launched the echinococcosis prevention and control project in the form of a central subsidy for local public health funds, which included echinococcosis as a free infectious disease in the country. Patients like Cai Xiaoxia can only undergo surgery to cure the disease with a small amount of money.
In addition, drug treatment for echinococcosis patients treated in the project county is provided free of charge; screening is performed free of charge.
Zhuomaji, from Ganjia Township, Xiahe County, Gannan Province, 250 kilometers away from Lanzhou, was screened for echinococcosis at a county CDC three years ago. She then went to the Lanzhou First Hospital for a package. The removal of the outer capsule of the insect. The surgery cost a total of 50,000 yuan. In addition to the subsidies for the new rural cooperative medical insurance, major medical insurance reimbursement and echinococcosis treatment projects, Zhuomaji's echinococcosis surgery bears less than 10,000 yuan.
Zhuomaji told the "Economic Half-hour" reporter that if it was not a free treatment for echinococcosis, she could not afford the cost of more than 50,000 yuan.
â–³Ganjia Township Health Center staff is regularly reviewing Zhuomaji.
People living in Xiahe County have a per capita income of only 2,200 yuan a year. With the implementation of the caterpillar control project in Gansu Province, more and more herders like Zhuomaji have been treated.
In order to truly cut off the source of infection, dogs must be managed. Therefore, in addition to the semi-annual screening, the most important daily work of the vice president of the Ganjia Township Health Center, Rajb and colleagues, is to deworm all the dogs in the township.
Providing treatment to protect the fate of hundreds of people in AIDS village
In 2003, among the 3,211 villagers in Wenlou Village, Lugang Township, Shangcai County, Henan Province, 678 people were infected with HIV. In 2003 alone, Wenlou Village had nearly 40 deaths due to AIDS.
â–³ People who were infected with AIDS in Wenlou Village in 2003.
On August 7, 2016, the "Economic Half-hour" reporter walked into Wenlou Village for the third time.
Villagers: Don't be afraid, don't have any opinion on our Wenlou Village. We can live in the past few years. The state also takes care of it. We say that our villages are all controlled. There is no such phenomenon.
â–³ This ordinary and tidy small village is Wenlou Village, which was widely concerned by the society because of AIDS.
Thirteen years ago, Ma Shenyi, a villager of Wenlou Village who had suffered from AIDS, thought about how to make his two children live. But now, his two children are growing up, he is busy building a new house.
In 2003, with the promulgation of the national “four free and one care†policy, the national free anti-viral treatment was officially launched. Since then, people living with HIV/AIDS in Wenlou Village have been able to use antiviral drugs and opportunistic infections free of charge and receive free treatment.
Today, there are 343 people living with HIV in Wenlou Village, of which 278 are taking antiviral drugs. The free antiviral treatment has brought a turn to the fate of Ma Shenyi's family of three.
Ma Shenyi: Eat every day. In the case of being busy again, I will take it, and the effect is quite good.
â–³ In the evening, Ma Shenyi, who has lived a new life, is ready for dinner, waiting for her daughter to go home from work.
Through AIDS free antiretroviral treatment, the mortality rate of HIV-infected patients and patients in Shangcai County dropped from the previous 24‰ to 6.5‰ in 2015, which is close to normal. According to the latest data provided by the Health Planning Commission, as of the end of 2015, China reported a total of 577,000 HIV-infected patients and patients.
Zhang Fujie, director of the Infectious Diseases Treatment and Research Center of Beijing Ditan Hospital and head of the AIDS Clinical Working Group of the National Health and Family Planning Committee: I always believe that China's AIDS treatment is not only unique, but also has a very high success rate. One is completely government. Leading completely free, in the past, AIDS is an incurable disease. Now with anti-viral treatment, we can let him live 40 years and 50 years old or longer. Foreign countries like them are not free to treat AIDS. In fact, many poor AIDS in the United States are If you can't eat medicine, like our neighbors, Russia and Ukraine are very expensive.
In addition to how to treat, the mother-to-child transmission of one of the three ways of AIDS should be prevented. According to the “four-one-one-one care†policy, free maternal and child-blocking drugs are provided locally to pregnant women who have been infected with HIV.
According to foreign research data, pregnant women with AIDS in developing countries can achieve a mother-to-child transmission rate of 30% to 40% without effective intervention. Today, in Shangcai County, the success rate of maternal and child blockade reached 98.7%. In 2015, the mother-to-child transmission of HIV prevention has covered the whole country. The mother-to-child transmission rate dropped from 34.8% before intervention to 6.1% in 2014. The second generation of AIDS transmission was controlled in a timely manner.
Yu Jingjin, Director of the Bureau of Disease Prevention and Control of the National Health and Family Planning Commission: After years of development, the field of work has expanded from infectious diseases and health-related diseases, health-related diseases to chronic diseases and mental health, and also includes some oral hygiene and public Nutrition, the field of work is greatly widened; the second should be said to be very different, the government's investment and social support, the change is also quite large, when I first arrived at the Ministry of Health, I felt that the state carried out at that time The project focuses on the implementation of international organizations and the international community. The central government has a small amount of special investment, only some work funds. Now our country has set up major public projects and public health services to provide free to the public.
In 30 years, China's disease prevention and control has developed rapidly. Thirty years ago, disease control was mainly based on infectious diseases, prevention and control, food hygiene and occupational health. Thirty years later, it has expanded into areas such as prevention and control of infectious diseases, prevention and control of endemic diseases, prevention and control of chronic diseases, oral health, public nutrition, mental health, occupational health, radiation health, and environmental sanitation.
There are currently two major and basic public health projects in the world. Among them, major public health projects include six projects including AIDS prevention, tuberculosis prevention and immunization planning.
The basic public health service projects include the establishment of 12 categories of 45 services such as resident health records, health education, and vaccination, which are provided free of charge to the entire population.
Half an hour observation: for the safety of the public
In addition to AIDS and echinococcosis, other key infectious diseases in China have also been effectively controlled. The prevalence of infectious tuberculosis in the country dropped from 134/100,000 in 1990 to 66/100,000 in 2010, a drop of 51%; the scope of schistosomiasis was greatly reduced. By the end of 2015, among the 453 schistosomiasis prefectures in the country, 110 reached the infection control standard, 335 reached the transmission blocking standard, and 8 confirmed by eliminating the review; the ability to prevent and control infectious diseases was significantly improved.
This achievement is the result of the country's increasing investment in public health work such as disease prevention and control in recent years. In 2015, the central government approved a total of 59.62 billion yuan of local public health funds through the National Health and Family Planning Commission, equivalent to 2003. 60 times. It provides a strong guarantee for the implementation of various prevention and control measures.
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