Recently, the National Palace Museum in Taipei exhibited a large number of jade articles during the Song and Yuan Dynasties. Many of the collections of the museums were unveiled. From the 10th to the 14th centuries, the national political powers stood side by side and changed. Song, Liao, and Jin confronted each other, and sometimes the situation of war and time and alliance was not until the Yuan Dynasty. However, the pulsation of jade growth has not been stagnate by political turmoil. Instead, because of the contact, impact and blending of different cultures, it has been able to absorb more colorful and vivid content, just like Zhu Xi’s verse “to be a source of water†In general, it seems to be full of vitality and create a new paradigm for future generations.
Flower line dragon pattern jade
"Akiyama" jade ornaments
In the Song Dynasty, the imperial court was the highlight of the Dao, and the ancient rituals were organized into national affairs. Following the tradition, the jade's "sacrificial ritual" and "rui" are still the lofty symbols in the ritual system. Liao, Jin and Yuan are deeply influenced by the Song people's ceremonial system, so at this time, the prayer ceremonies and crowns of the ceremonial ceremonies In the middle of the ceremonial instruments such as belt ornaments or hat tops, they are all respected by jade.
While intellectuals are also involved in the search for ancient sources, the occasion of the rise of the retro trend, the bronzes and jade artifacts unearthed are no longer just auspicious, but also regarded as the carrier of historical culture, in order to pursue the ancient political ideals and the sages of the sages. Collecting, researching, cataloging, copying, and even counterfeiting the trend of ancient artifacts, inspiring the context of literati tastes of future generations. In addition to the ancient jade type such as enamel, enamel and enamel-shaped jade, the antique jade is more like jade imitation of ancient bronzes such as pots, pots, cymbals and cymbals.
Liao is the political power established by Qidan, Jinnai Jurchen, and Yuan Dynasty Mongolia. Before the three northern nationalities competed in the Central Plains, nomadic, fishing and hunting were the way of their lives. Therefore, the "hunting hunting net hook" is the root of the nationality that cannot be and must not be forgotten. Therefore, the eagle geese in the waterfront; Beyond the ceremony, related themes and elements are also included in the jade pattern, showing a thrilling picture or seasonal color.
Compared with the Song people's society in the south, under the ideological trend of "cultivating the mind with the Buddha, healing the mind with the Tao, and governing the world with the Confucianism", the jade has a classic story of the Buddha; the Taoist Xuanyi auspicious; the style of Confucianism With the patterns, they are even juxtaposed with each other. Such a rich jade and philosophical jade style is also a cultural impact and attraction for the northern people.
The jade "swallow", which is a daily bottle, enamel, plate, enamel, etc. made of jade, is a symbol of luxury in the Song Dynasty. At that time, the Han Dynasty doctor "Chongzhen", the minister tasted "no jade" as the ancestral home of the rumors of the emperor. Huizong feast wants to use jade, that is, fearing people to talk about "Taihua." On the other hand, in the north, Liao, Jin, and Yuan, although there was a "forbidden jade" order, the actual aristocracy did not have scruples. From time to time, jade plates, bowls, and even horses were also embedded with jade ornaments, which loomed in a state of north and south.
For the limited archaeological excavations, most of the jade articles from the 10th to the 14th centuries were small costumes and stationery items, some of which were exquisite and meticulous, but most of them were simple and simple. However, among the handed down products, especially the collectors of the Qing Dynasty, there are some jade “swallows†that are both gorgeous and generous in the Song Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty, which is enough to supplement the diversity and style of the time.
The National Palace Museum in Taipei also houses a large number of "Yu Ding", mainly based on the works of the Yuan Dynasty, and there are many imitations of the Ming Dynasty. It is generally believed that the "Jade Top" was originally placed on the cap, and the collectors of the Ming Dynasty used the original function as the cap top, or were embedded in the furnace cover as the top of the furnace. Although the number is large, the theme can be roughly planned for "Ting Lulu", "èžè™Žä¼ä¸˜", "花花行龙", "è·å¶é¸³é¸¯" and "春水", "秋山" and so on. “èžè™Žä¼ä¸˜â€ is made by high relief technique, which is thicker. The rest of the series are used in multiple layers of hollowing out to create a layered effect.
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